Substituted pyridazinones for the treatment of tumors

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to a class of pyridazinones of formula I, which comprises 6-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]pyridazin-3(2H)-one as a mother nucleus, the preparation method thereof and the use thereof in manufacturing medicaments against tumors, especially liver cancer.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation-in-part of parent U.S. application Ser. No. 12/933,104, filed on Nov. 17, 2010, as a National Stage Entry based on International Application No. PCT/CN2009/000295, filed on Mar. 18, 2009, which claims priority to Chinese application No. 200810034796.7, filed on Mar. 18, 2008. The entire disclosure of each prior application is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention belongs to the field of materia medica, and particularly relates to a series of novel pyridazinones containing the mother nucleus of 6-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]pyridazin-3(2H)-one, the preparation method and the use thereof. The above pyridazinones show significant antitumor activities, especially for liver cancer.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Pyridazinones have shown a broad-spectrum biological activity, e.g. as an antidepressant, a vasodilatator, a cardiotonic, an acesodyne/anti-inflammatory agent or an antihypertensive, as acaricide or herbicide in agriculture, and also as inhibitors for acetylcholine esterase, aldose reductase, monoamine oxidase, CDKs, COX-2 and P38MAP kinase, etc. Some pyridazinones have exhibited an antitumor activity to a certain extent. US2007/0072866 A1 reported a series of pyridazinones having a structure formula of:

as a GSK-3β inhibitor, which can be used for treating metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative diseases or other related diseases or disorders. CN200380105057 further defines that A is C(O)NHR or NHC(O)R; while in US2007/0072866A1, A is defined as a heterocyclic substituent.

WO 03/059891 and WO 2005/007632 disclose that pyridazinones are useful for treating diseases or conditions caused or exacerbated by unregulated P38 MAP kinase and/or TNF activity. In the above patent literatures, the pyridazinones have a structure formula of:

and are useful for treating inflammatory diseases, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease or cancer. Although the described pyridazinones covers almost all substituents, actually, R₄ is mainly aryl, R₁ is mainly halogen, R₂ is various kinds of substituents, and R₃ is only H.

The most related literatures of the present application are the patent literatures concerning antitumor activities filed by Aventis Co. under WO2004/046130, WO2005085231, WO2005/111019 and US2007/0173503, which involve a kind of pyridazinone derivatives of formula

as inhibitors of CDK2, wherein, X is C(O)NHR, NHC(O)R or a heterocycle containing N, R₂ is H, and R₃ is an aromatic ring or heterocycle.

In addition, pyridazinones are described as inhibitors of RAF kinase in WO2006/124874 for treating tumors, and as inhibitors against tumors in European patent publication 0665223. However, such pyridazinones are totally different from the compounds of the present application.

Moreover, various other pyridazinone derivatives are disclosed in other literatures, and they are different from those in the present application in the selection of substituted groups, moieties and/or 6-positioned aromatic ring groups, or in applications of the compounds.

It is well known that liver cancer is the 5^(th) frequent tumor diseases in males, and the 8^(th) frequent tumor diseases in females. In 2007, it was estimated that 80% patients suffered newly from liver cancer were in developing countries, and 55% of all new patients were in China. In developing countries, among the liver cancer patients, 59% were attributed to HBV, and 33% were attributed to HCV. Particularly, there exists a great market demands for drugs against liver cancer due to the severe HBV infection and increasing incidence of liver cancer in Asia-Pacific countries.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

One object of the present invention is to disclose a series of novel pyridazinones having the structure of the following formula I.

Another object of the present invention is to disclose a method for preparing the above pyridazinones.

Still another object of the present invention is to disclose a use of the above pyridazinones in manufacturing an antitumor medicament.

The present invention provides a series of novel pyridazinones having the structure of formula I:

wherein,

R is —OH, —SH, substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₁₂ aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, —OR_(a), —NHR_(a), —NR_(a)R_(b), or —SR_(a),

wherein, R_(a) and R_(b) are each independently substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₁₂ aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group;

the substituents are selected from the group consisting of halogen, —OH, —NO₂, C₁-C₆ alkyl, carboxyl, C₁-C₆ alkyloxycarbonyl, C₆-C₁₂ aryl, —NH₂, C₁-C₆ alkyl substituted amino, hydroxyl substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, hydroxyl substituted C₁-C₆ alkoxyl group, unsubstituted or C₁-C₆ alkyl substituted heterocyclic group and —CF₃;

the heteroaryl is 5- or 6-membered cyclic ring containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O and S;

the heterocyclic group is 3- to 7-membered monocyclic ring or 8-membered bicyclic ring, which may contain 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O and S, and the heterocyclic group is optionally substituted with oxo group or sulfido group.

Preferably, in the pyridazinones having the structure of formula I,

R is —OH, —SH, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, —OR_(a), —NHR_(a), —NR_(a)R_(b) or —SR_(a),

wherein, R_(a) and R_(b) are each independently substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl or substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group;

the substituents are selected from the group consisting of halogen, —OH, —NO₂, C₁-C₆ alkyl, carboxyl, C₁-C₆ alkoxyl carbonyl, phenyl, —NH₂, C₁-C₆ alkyl substituted amino, hydroxyl substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, hydroxyl substituted C₁-C₆ alkoxyl, unsubstituted or C₁-C₄ alkyl substituted heterocyclic group and —CF₃;

the heteroaryl is 5- or 6-membered cyclic ring containing 1 to 3 nitrogen atoms;

the heterocyclic group is 3- to 7-membered monocyclic ring or 8-membered bicyclic ring, which may contain 1 to 3 nitrogen atoms, and the heterocyclic group is optionally substituted with oxo group or sulfido group. More preferably, the pyridazinones are the following specific compounds:

The above pyridazinones exhibit a high activity against tumors, especially, liver cancer. For example, compound YHHU-646 showed a significant curative effect against liver cancer of animals in vivo. In addition, the pyridazinones showed a significant inhibition activity against the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells, indicating that the series of compounds are inhibitors for the proliferation of the vascular endothelial cells, capable of inhibiting tumor angiogenesis, and suggesting they have potential to treat a variety of cancers.

The above pyridazinones may be prepared by reacting various m-trifluoromethylbenzaldehyde with methyl acrylate through a Setter reaction to give a 1,4-dicarbonyl compound, then directly adding a hydrazine compound into the reaction mixture to perform an “one-pot” reaction to form a ring, and finally, dehydrogenating by CuCl₂.2H₂O to afford a pyridazinone compound. Alternatively, the desired pyridazinones may be obtained after compounds modified by variously substituted benzene rings were prepared through a coupling reaction.

Specifically, the above pyridazinones may be prepared according to any one of the following methods:

In the above methods, R is —OH, —SH, substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₁₂ aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, —OR_(a), —NHR_(a), —NR_(a)R_(b) or —SR_(a),

wherein, R_(a) and R_(b) are each independently substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₁₂ aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl or substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group;

the substituents are selected from the group consisting of halogen, —OH, —NO₂, C₁-C₆ alkyl, carboxyl, C₁-C₆ alkoxyl carbonyl, C₆-C₁₂ aryl, —NH₂, C₁-C₆ alkyl substituted amino, hydroxyl substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, hydroxyl substituted C₁-C₆ alkoxyl group, unsubstituted or C₁-C₆ alkyl substituted heterocyclic group and —CF₃;

the heteroaryl is 5- or 6-membered cyclic ring containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O and S;

the heterocyclic group is 3- to 7-membered monocyclic ring or 8-membered bicyclic ring, which may contain 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O and S, and the heterocyclic group is optionally oxo substitution or sulfido substitution.

Another object of the present invention is to disclose a pharmaceutical composition containing the above pyridazinones. The pharmaceutical composition may contain a therapeutically effective amount of one or more of the above pyridazinones and pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvant(s).

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a graph illustrating the curative effects of the compounds YHHU-744, YHHU-755, YHHU-756, YHHU-759, YHHU-776 and Sorafenib against human liver cancer Bel-7402 transplanted tumor on nude mice.

FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating the curative effects of the compound YHHU-756 against human liver cancer SMMC-7721 transplanted tumor on nude mice.

FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating the curative effects of the compound YHHU-759 against human liver cancer SMMC-7721 transplanted tumor on nude mice.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, but the invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1 Preparation of the key intermediate 6-(4-fluoro-3-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-pyridazin-3(2H)-one (8F)

NaCN (24.5 mg, 0.5 mmol) was dissolved in 5 ml of dry DMF at 35° C., and under N₂, 4-fluoro-3-trifluoromethyl-benzaldehyde (1.03 g, 5 mmol) was dropped thereinto. After the dropping, stirring continued for 30 minutes. Then, methyl acrylate (0.52 g, 6 mmol) was dropped thereinto. After the mixture was reacted for 4 hours, hydrazine hydrate (0.72 g, 12.5 mmol) was added thereinto directly and the reaction mixture was heated to 60 and stirred for 8 hours.

The reaction was quenched, and the temperature was cooled to room temperature. The reaction mixture was added with 20 ml of water, and extracted with ethyl acetate (20 ml×3). The combined organic layer was washed with saturated saline (10 ml×3), dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄, filtrated, and evaporated to dryness in vacuum. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with ethyl acetate-petroleum ether (1:2) to give 6-(4-fluoro-3-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-4,5-dihydro-pyridazin-3(2H)-one as an off-white solid (0.73 g, yield 56%). The solid was dissolved in acetonitrile (10 ml), and CuCl₂.2H₂O (272 mg, 2.02 mmol) was added thereinto. Then the reaction mixture was refluxed for 1 hour under vigorous agitation. After cooled to room temperature, and the reaction mixture was filtered off the remanent CuCl₂, and the filtrate was evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure. The residue was added with ethyl acetate (100 mL), washed with saturated NaHCO₃ solution (20 ml) and then with saturated saline (20 ml×2), dried with anhydrous Na₂SO₄, filtrated, and evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with ethyl acetate-dichloromethane (1:3) to give the target product 8F (130 mg, yield 50%).

¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆, 300 MHz): δ 11.50 (1H, bs), 8.17 (3H, m), 7.63 (1H, t, J=9.8 Hz), 7.03 (1H, dd, J=5.6, 1.1 Hz).

Example 2 Preparation of 6-m-trifluoromethyl-p-ethylamine phenyl-pyridazin-3(2H)-one (9a)

To 8F (100 mg, 0.4 mmol) in a 10 ml microwave vial, was added 3 ml of 70% aqueous ethylamine solution, followed by microwave irradiation (80 W, 110, 20 min). After the reaction completed, the reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate, and the organic layer was dried and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with ethyl acetate-dichloromethane (1:2) to give the target product 9a (32.9 mg, yield 30%).

¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 300 MHz): δ 11.88 (1H, bs), 11.42 (1H, bs), 7.89 (1H, s), 7.80 (1H, m), 7.72 (1H, m), 7.05 (1H, d, J=9.6 Hz), 6.79 (1H, d, J=9.6 Hz), 3.28 (2H, q, J=7.2 Hz), 1.34 (3H, t, J=7.2 Hz).

Example 3 Preparation of 6-(4-(2-hydroxyethylamine)-3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-pyridazin-3(2H)-one (9b)

To 8F (100 mg, 0.4 mmol) in a 10 ml microwave vial, was added 3 ml of ethanolamine as a solvent, followed by microwave irradiation (160 W, 180, 20 min). After the reaction was completed, the reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate, and the organic layer was dried and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with ethyl acetate-dichloromethane (1:2) to give the target product 9b.

¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 300 MHz): δ 8.14 (1H, s), 8.12 (1H, d, J=11.3 Hz), 7.63 (3H, m), 7.38 (1H, bs), 6.83 (1H, d, J=9.4 Hz), 4.00 (2H, t, J=4.0 Hz), 3.57 (2H, m).

Example 4 Preparation of 6-(4-(4-methylpiperazinyl)-3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-pyridazin-3(2H)-one (9c)

To 8F (100 mg, 0.4 mmol) in a 10 ml microwave vial, was added 3 ml of N-methylpiperazine as a solvent, followed by microwave irradiation (100 W, 170, 30 min). After the reaction was completed, the reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate, and the organic layer was dried and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with methanol-dichloromethane (1:10) to give the target product 9c.

¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆, 300 MHz): δ 8.09 (3H, m), 7.59 (1H, d, J=9.5 Hz), 6.98 (1H, d, J=9.8 Hz), 2.90 (4H, t, J=4.0 Hz), 2.44 (4H, m), 2.22 (3H, s).

Example 5 Preparation of 6-(4-methoxy-3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-pyridazin-3(2H)-one (9d)

To 8F (100 mg, 0.4 mmol) in a 10 ml microwave vial, was added an excess amount of sodium methoxide in methanol, followed by microwave irradiation (80 W, 130, 20 min). After the reaction was completed, the reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate, and the organic layer was dried and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with ethyl acetate-dichloromethane (1:2) to give the target product 9d.

¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 300 MHz): δ 11.43 (1H, bs), 8.01 (1H, s), 7.94 (1H, dd, J=8.8, 1.2 Hz), 7.73 (1H, d, J=9.8 Hz), 7.10 (1H, d, J=8.9 Hz), 7.08 (1H, d, J=10.2 Hz), 3.97 (3H, s).

Example 6 Preparation of 6-(4-(piperid-1-yl)-3-trifluoromethyl phenyl)-pyridazin-3(2H)-one (7a)

To a mixture of 100 mg of 3,6-dichloropyridazine (0.67 mmol), 1.2 eq of 5a, 1.5 eq of K₂CO₃ and 3 mol % of PdCl₂ (PPh₃)₂ in a 25 ml two-necked flask, were added 6 ml of CH₃CN and 4 ml of H₂O. After purged with N₂, the reaction mixture was refluxed and agitated. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate, and the organic layer were dried and concentrated. The residue was directly transferred into a 10 ml round necked flask with glacial acetic acid, and refluxed. After the reaction was completed, the reaction mixture was alkalified and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer were dried and concentrated, and the residue was purified through silica gel column chromatography eluting with ethyl acetate-dichloromethane (1:2) to give the target product 7a.

¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 300 MHz): δ 11.38 (1H, bs), 8.02 (1H, d, J=2.1 Hz), 7.90 (1H, dd, J=8.4, 2.4 Hz), 7.75 (1H, d, J=9.9 Hz), 7.36 (1H, d, J=8.8 Hz), 7.08 (1H, d, J=9.9 Hz), 2.90 (4H, t, J=3.3 Hz), 1.72 (4H, m), 1.58 (2H, m).

Example 7 Preparation of 6-(4-(morpholin-1-yl)-3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-pyridazin-3(2H)-one (7b)

To a mixture of 100 mg of 3,6-dichloropyridazine (0.67 mmol), 1.2 eq of 5b, 1.5 eq of K₂CO₃ and 3 mol % of PdCl₂(PPh₃)₂ in a 25 ml two-necked flask, were added 6 ml of CH₃CN and 4 ml of H₂O. After purged with N₂, the reaction mixture was refluxed and stirred. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate, and the organic layer was dried and concentrated. The residue was directly transferred into a 10 ml round necked flask with glacial acetic acid and refluxed. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was alkalified and extracted with ethyl acetate, and the organic layer was dried and concentrated. The residue was purified through silica gel column chromatography eluting with ethyl acetate-dichloromethane (1:1) to give the target product 7b.

¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 300 MHz): δ 12.00 (1H, bs), 8.08 (1H, d, J=1.8 Hz), 7.96 (1H, dd, J=8.4, 1.8 Hz), 7.76 (1H, d, J=9.9 Hz), 7.42 (1H, d, J=8.6 Hz), 7.11 (1H, d, J=9.9 Hz), 3.86 (4H, t, J=4.4 Hz), 2.99 (4H, t, J=4.6 Hz).

Example 8 Preparation of 6-(4-(2-dimethylamino)ethylamino)-3-trifluoromethyl phenyl)-pyridazin-3(2H)-one (9e)

To 8F (100 mg, 0.4 mmol) in a 10 ml microwave vial, was added 3 ml of 2-dimethylaminoethylamine as a solvent, followed by microwave irradiation (80 W, 110, 30 min). After the reaction was completed, the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate, and the organic layer was dried and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with methanol-dichloromethane (1:20) to give the target product 9e.

¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆, 300 MHz): δ 8.03 (1H, d, J=9.8 Hz), 7.93 (2H, m), 6.94 (1H, d, J=10.0 Hz), 6.92 (1H, d, J=8.5 Hz), 5.67 (1H, d, J=4.2 Hz), 3.26 (2H, dd, J=6.3 Hz), 2.50 (2H, m), 2.19 (6H, s).

Example 9 The preparation of 6-(4-cyclohexylamino-3-trifluoromethyl phenyl)-pyridazin-3(2H)-one (9f)

To 8F (100 mg, 0.4 mmol) in a 10 ml microwave vial, was added an excess amount of cyclohexylamine as a solvent, followed by microwave irradiation (80 W, 140, 30 min). After the reaction was completed, the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate, and the organic layer was dried and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with ethyl acetate-dichloromethane (1:2) to give the target product 9f.

¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 300 MHz): δ 11.26 (1H, bs), 7.86 (1H, d, J=2.1 Hz), 7.77 (1H, dd, J=8.6, 1.8 Hz), 7.69 (1H, d, J=9.8 Hz), 7.04 (1H, d, J=9.8 Hz), 6.81 (1H, d, J=9.0 Hz), 4.49 (1H, d, J=6.5 Hz), 3.43 (1H, bs), 2.05 (2H, m), 1.77 (2H, m), 1.35 (6H, m).

Example 10 Preparation of 6-(4-(4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)-3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-pyridazin-3(2H)-one (9g)

To 8F (100 mg, 0.4 mmol) in a 10 ml microwave vial, was added an excess amount of 4-hydroxypiperidine (no solvent), followed by microwave irradiation (100 W, 150, 30 min). After the reaction was completed, the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate, and the organic layer was dried and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with ethyl acetate-dichloromethane (1:2) to give the target product 9g.

¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 300 MHz): δ 10.79 (1H, bs), 8.03 (1H, d, J=2.1 Hz), 7.90 (1H, dd, J=8.6, 1.6 Hz), 7.73 (1H, d, J=10.3 Hz), 7.39 (1H, d, J=8.7 Hz), 7.08 (1H, d, J=9.9 Hz), 3.89 (1H, bs), 3.17 (2H, m), 2.84 (2H, m), 2.02 (2H, m), 1.76 (2H, m), 1.45 (1H, d, J=4.0 Hz).

Example 11 Preparation of the key intermediate 6-(4-methyl-3-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-pyridazin-3(2H)-one (4a)

NaCN (24.5 mg, 0.1 eq) was dissolved in 5 ml of dried DMF at 35° C. Under N₂, 4-methyl-3-trifluoromethylbenzaldehyde (1.0 eq) was dropped thereinto. After the dropping, the stirring continued for 30 min, and then methyl acrylate (1.1 eq) was dropped thereinto. After the reaction continued for 4 hours, hydrazine hydrate (5.0 eq) was added thereinto directly. The reaction system was heated to 60° C. and stirred for 8 hours.

After the reaction was quenched, the reaction system was cooled to room temperature, added with 20 ml of water, and extracted with ethyl acetate (20 ml×3). The combined organic layer was washed with saturated saline (10 ml×3), dried by anhydrous Na₂SO₄, filtrated, and evaporated to dryness in vacuum. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with ethyl acetate-petroleum ether (1:2) to give 6-(4-methyl-3-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-4,5-dihydro-pyridazin-3(2H)-one as an off-white solid. The resulted solid was dissolved in acetonitrile (10 ml), followed by addition of CuCl₂.2H₂O (1.5 eq). The reaction mixture was refluxed for 1 hour under vigorous agitation, cooled to room temperature, and filtrated off the remaining CuCl₂. The filtrate was evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure and the residue was added with ethyl acetate (100 ml), washed with saturated NaHCO₃ solution (20 ml) and then with saturated saline (20 ml×2), dried by anhydrous Na₂SO₄, filtrated and evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with ethyl acetate-dichloromethane (1:2) to give the target product 4a.

¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 300 MHz): δ 11.03 (1H, bs), 8.01 (1H, s), 7.94 (1H, dd, J=8.6, 1.2 Hz), 7.73 (1H, d, J=9.8 Hz), 7.10 (1H, d, J=8.7 Hz), 7.08 (1H, d, J=9.9 Hz), 1.97 (3H, s).

Example 12 Preparation of 6-(4-(N-t-butyloxycarbonylpiperazinyl)-3-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-pyridazin-3(2H)-one (4b)

NaCN (24.5 mg, 0.1 eq) was dissolved in 5 ml of dry DMF at 35° C. Under N₂, 4-(N-t-butyloxycarbonylpiperazinyl)-3-trifluoromethylbenzaldehyde (1.0 eq) was dropped thereinto. After the dropping, the stirring continued for 30 min, and then methyl acrylate (1.1 eq) was dropped therein. After the reaction continued for 4 hours, hydrazine hydrate (5.0 eq) was added thereinto directly. The reaction system was heated to 60 and stirred for 8 hours. The reaction was ceased, and the reaction system was cooled to room temperature, added with 20 ml of water, and extracted with ethyl acetate (20 ml×3). The combined organic layer was washed with saturated saline (10 ml×3), dried by anhydrous Na₂SO₄, filtrated and evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with ethyl acetate-petroleum ether (1:2) to give 6-(4-(N-t-butyloxycarbonylpiperazinyl)-3-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-4,5-dihydro-pyridazin-3(2H)-one. The resultant solid was dissolved in acetonitrile (10 ml), followed by addition of CuCl₂.2H₂O (1.5 eq). The reaction was refluxed for 1 hour under vigorous agitation. After cooled to room temperature, the reaction mixture was filtrated off the remaining CuCl₂, and the filtrate was evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure. The residue was added with ethyl acetate (100 ml). The solution was washed with saturated NaHCO₃ solution (20 ml) and then with saturated saline (20 ml×2), dried by anhydrous Na₂SO₄, filtrated and evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure. The residue was separated by silica gel column chromatography eluting with ethyl acetate-dichloromethane (1:2) to give the target product 4b.

¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆, 300 MHz): δ 13.27 (1H, bs), 8.12 (3H, m), 7.65 (1H, d, J=8.8 Hz), 7.01 (1H, dd, J=1.9, 9.9 Hz), 3.45 (4H, m), 2.87 (4H, m), 1.43 (9H, s).

Example 13 Preparation of 6-(4-p-trifluoromethylphenylacetenyl-3-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-pyridazin-3(2H)-one (9h)

To a mixture of 8Br (50 mg, 0.18 mmol), 5 mol % PdCl₂(PPh₃)₂ and 5 mol % CuI in a dry two-necked flask under N₂, were added 5 eq of EtN(i-Pr)₂ and 1.2 eq of p-trifluoromethylphenylacetylene, followed by addition of redistilled dry DMF. After the reaction at 30 was finished, the reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate, and the organic layer was dried and concentrated. The residue was separated by silica gel column chromatography eluting with ethyl acetate-petroleum ether (1:2) to give the target product 9h.

¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 300 MHz): δ 12.05 (1H, bs), 8.04 (1H, s), 8.17 (2H, m), 7.58 (1H, d, J=7.6 Hz), 7.32 (2H, d, J=8.9 Hz), 7.40 (2H, d, J=8.9 Hz), 7.08 (1H, d, J=7.6 Hz).

Example 14 Preparation of 6-(4-phenyl-3-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-pyridazin-3(2H)-one (9i)

To a mixture of 8Br (50 mg, 0.18 mmol), 1.2 eq of phenylboric acid, 1.5 mol % of Pd₂(dba)₃, 3.0 mol % of Xantphos(4,5-bi(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene) and 3 eq of K₂CO₃ in a 10 ml microwave vial, were added 1.5 ml of CH₃CN and 1.0 ml of H₂O. After purged with N₂, the reaction mixture was subjected to a microwave treatment (65 W, 120, 20 min). After the reaction was completed, the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate, and the organic layer was dried and concentrated. The residue was separated by silica gel column chromatography eluting with ethyl acetate-petroleum ether (1:2) to give the target product 9i.

¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 300 MHz): δ 13.00 (1H, bs), 8.04 (1H, s), 7.90 (2H, m), 7.58 (1H, d, J=7.9 Hz), 7.35 (5H, m), 7.08 (1H, d, J=7.9 Hz).

Example 15 Antineoplasmic Activity In Vitro

Protocol: the antineoplasmic activities in vitro of the compounds were assayed by a Sulforhodamine B (SRB) protocol. Tumor cells were cultivated at 37 under 5% CO₂ in a RPMI 1640 medium or a DMEM medium (Gibco) containing 10% fetal bovine serum. Tumor cells were inoculated on a 96-well plate with a concentration of 0.4-1.0×10⁴ cells per well according to the cell types. 24 hours later, the target compounds diluted 10 times were added, each compound having at least 5 concentrations. After treated by the compounds for 72 hours, the culture media were discarded, and the cells were fixed by 10% cold trichloroacetic acid, and then stained by Sulforhodamine B (SRB) solution. The uncombined SRB was washed off, and the SRB combined with protein was dissolved with Tris. OD values were recorded at 515 nm on an ELISA Reader, and the cell growth inhibition rate was calculated according to following equation: Inhibition rate=(OD_(control)−OD_(experimental))/OD_(control)×100%

IC₅₀ (50% inhibitory concentration) was calculated by using Logit method based on the inhibition rates at various concentration, and the results are shown in tables 1 and 2.

The following cell lines were used: human hepatocarcinoma cell line SIMM-7721; ovarian cancer cell line SK-OV-3; human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231; human renal carcinoma cell line A498; colon adenocarcinoma cell line HT-29; non-small cell lung cancer cell line NCI-H460; lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549; human colon cancer cell line SW-620; human hepatoma cell line Bel-7402; human breast carcinoma cell line SK-BR-3; and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).

TABLE 1 The effect of YHU-646 against proliferation of various tumor cells cultivated in vitro. IC₅₀ (μM) Cell line Types of tumor YHHU-646 SK-OV-3 ovarian cancer 0.003 MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma >20 A498 renal carcinoma 4.12 HT-29 colon carcinoma 6.3 NCI-H460 lung cancer 24.1 A549 lung cancer — SIMM-7721 liver cancer <0.1 SW-620 colon carcinoma 5.8 Bel-7402 liver cancer 0.0007 SK-BR-3 breast carcinoma 7.5 HUVEC human umbilical vein 0.03 endothelial cells (normal cells)

The synthesis methods and effects on proliferation of human liver cancer cells BEL-7402 cultivated in vitro of some compounds The Inhibition Activities for Human Liver Cancer Cells M + 1 Synthesis BEL-7402 No. Structure peak Method (IC50, μM) YHHU-755

324 Method 1, 2 <0.01 YHHU-756

339 Method 1, 2 <0.01 YHHU-757

338 Method 1, 2 <0.01 YHHU-758

270 Method 1, 2 <0.01 YHHU-759

326 Method 1, 2 <0.01 YHHU-760

300 Method 3 >0.1 YHHU-761

298 Method 1, 2 <0.01 YHHU-762

271 Method 3 <0.01 YHHU-776

340 Method 1, 2 <0.01 YHHU-646

310 Method 1, 2 <0.01 YHHU-647

284 Method 1, 2 <0.01 YHHU-744

284 Method 3 <0.01 YHHU-745

327 Method 3 >1 YHHU-746

341 Method 3 >1 YHHU-747

338 Method 1, 2 <0.01 YHHU-748

296 Method 1, 2 <0.01 YHHU-751

368 Method 1, 3 <0.01 YHHU-752

312 Method 1, 3 <0.1 YHHU-753

340 Method 1, 3 <0.1 YHHU-763

354 Method 1, 3 <0.1 YHHU-765

368 Method 1, 3 <0.1 YHHU-766

326 Method 1, 3 <0.1 YHHU-768

382 Method 1, 3 <0.1 YHHU-666

370 Method 1, 3 <1 YHHU-667

324 Method 1, 2 <0.1 YHHU-668

372 Method 1, 2 <1 YHHU-669

354 Method 1, 2 <0.01 YHHU-670

328 Method 1, 2 <1 YHHU-671

396 Method 1, 2 <0.01 YHHU-672

338 Method 1, 2 <0.1 YHHU-673

338 Method 1, 2 <1 YHHU-674

356 Method 1, 2 <1 YHHU-675

 39 Method 1, 2 <0.01 YHHU-676

353 Method 1, 2 <0.01 YHHU-677

325 Method 1, 2 <0.1 YHHU-678

425 Method 1, 2 <0.01 YHHU-679

368 Method 1 <0.1 YHHU-681

314 Method 1 <1 YHHU-682

339 Method 1 <0.01 YHHU-683

353 Method 1 <0.1 YHHU-685

369 Method 3 <0.01 YHHU-688

340 Method 1, 2 <0.01 YHHU-689

324 Method 3 <0.1 YHHU-693

396 Method 1, 3 <0.1 YHHU-694

287 Method 3 <0.1 YHHU-696

352 Method 3 <0.1 YHHU-700

317 Method 1, 2 <10 YHHU-701

298 Method 1, 2 <0.01 YHHU-769

356 Method 1, 2 <1 YHHU-770

354 Method 1, 2 <0.1 YHHU-771

326 Method 1, 2 <0.1 YHHU-772

327 Method 1, 2 <0.1 YHHU-773

327 Method 1, 2 <0.1 YHHU-774

344 Method 1, 3 <0.1 YHHU-775

370 Method 1, 2 <0.1 YHHU-501

314 Method 1, 2 <0.1 YHHU-502

355 Method 1, 2 <0.1 YHHU-503

325 Method 1, 2 <0.1 YHHU-598

353 Method 1, 2 <0.1 YHHU-597

368 Method 1, 2 <0.1 YHHU-595

395 Method 1, 2 <0.1 YHHU-593

322 Method 1, 3 <0.1 YHHU-592

391 Method 1, 2 <0.1 YHHU-590

368 Method 1, 2 <0.1 YHHU-589

301 Method 1, 2 <0.1 YHHU-586

353 Method 1, 2 <0.1 YHHU-585

354 Method 1, 2 <0.1 YHHU-581

255 Method 1 <0.1 YHHU-580

257 Method 1 <0.1 YHHU-579

364 Method 1 <0.1 YHHU-582

345 Method 1 <0.1 YHHU-578

285 Method 1, 2 <0.1 YHHU-575

352 Method 1, 2 <0.1 YHHU-574

271 Method 1, 2 <0.1 YHHU-546

271 Method 3 <0.1 YHHU-532

359 Method 1, 2 <0.1 YHHU-658

332 Method 3 <0.1 YHHU-659

346 Method 3 <0.1 YHHU-702

409 Method 3 <10 YHHU-703

317 Method 3 <10 YHHU-706

307 Method 1, 3 <10 YHHU-707

325 Method 1, 2 <10 YHHU-709

318 Method 3 <10 YHHU-710

309 Method 2 <10 YHHU-711

354 Method 1, 3 <1 YHHU-712

354 Method 1, 3 <1 YHHU-713

311 Method 3 <1 YHHU-714

347 Method 3 <10 YHHU-715

338 Method 1, 3 <10 YHHU-716

354 Method 1, 3 <10 YHHU-717

363 Method 3 >1 YHHU-718

350 Method 3 <10

The above experimental results confirm that the novel pyridazinones of the present invention, which comprise 6-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]pyridazin-3(3H)-one as the mother nucleus and a electron-donating substitutents containing N, O, S or C at 4-position of aryl, have significant antitumor activities.

Example 16 The Effects of Compounds YHHU-744, YHHU-755, YHHU-756, YHHU-759 and YHHU-776 on Human Liver Cancer Cells Bel-7402 Transplanted Tumor on Nude Mice

1. Experimental Compounds

Name and lot number: YHHU-744, a white powder, lot No.: No. c001471-106; YHHU-755, a white powder, lot No.: No. c001471-102; YHHU-756, a white powder, lot No.: No. c00147-106; YHHU-759, a white powder, lot No.: No. c001471-102; YHHU-776, a white powder, lot No.: No. c001471-107. Sorafenib was used as a positive control.

Formulation: YHHU-744, YHHU-755, YHHU-756, YHHU-759, YHHU-776 and the positive control were each diluted with 0.1% Tween-80 and distilled water to a desired concentration.

2. Laboratory Animal:

BALB/cA nude mice, 6-7 weeks old, ♀, were purchased from Shanghai SLAC Laboratory Animal Co. LTD. Certificate No.: SCXK (Shanghai) 2007-0005. Habitat: SPF level.

3. Experimental Procedure:

Human liver cancer cells Bel-7402 were inoculated on nude mice subcutaneously. After the tumor grew up to 300-450 mm³, animals were grouped randomly (d0). Dosage and dosage regimen were shown in table 3. The tumor volume was measured 2-3 times each week and the weights of mice were recorded. The tumor volume was calculated according to as the following equation. V=½×a×b ² wherein, a and b are length and width, respectively.

4. Result:

Mice bearing cancer were consecutively administered with compounds YHHU-744, YHHU-755, YHHU-756, YHHU-759 or YHHU-776 intragastrically once a day for 11 days, and observation was continued to the 17^(th) day. After administration, all tumors diminished significantly. At the 11^(th) day, except for the group of compound YHHU-744 (4/5 vanished), all tumors vanished in the other groups (5/5), and no recrudescence was observed at the end of the experiment (results were shown in table 3 and FIG. 1). In addition, survivability of mice on all the above compounds was good, and no significant toxicity was observed.

TABLE 3 The therapeutic effect of compounds YHHU-744, YHHU-755, YHHU-756, YHHU-759, YHHU-776 and Sorafenib on human liver cancer cells Bel-7402 transplanted tumor on nude mice Tumor Inhibition Quantity Quantity of Dosage Volume Rate of Animals Whose Drug (mg/kg) Administration (mm³) (%) Animals Tumors Vanished solvent PO, QDx11 395.7 10 0 Yhhu-744 100 PO, QDx11 343.7 98 5 4 Yhhu-755 100 PO, QDx11 350.4 100 5 5 Yhhu-756 100 PO, QDx11 294.6 100 5 5 Yhhu-759 100 PO, QDx11 367.9 100 5 5 Yhhu-776 100 PO, QDx11 338.2 100 5 5 Sorafenib 60 PO, QDx16 279.8 50 5 0

Example 17 1. Antineoplasmic Activity In Vitro of Compound YHHU-756

Protocol: the antineoplasmic activities in vitro of the compounds were assayed by a Sulforhodamine B (SRB) protocol. Tumor cells were cultivated at 37 under 5% CO₂ in a RPMI 1640 medium or a DMEM medium (Gibco) containing 10% fetal bovine serum. Tumor cells were inoculated on a 96-well plate with a concentration of 0.4-1.0×10⁴ cells per well according to the cell types. 24 hours later, the target compounds diluted 3 times were added, each compound having at least 9 concentrations. After treated by the compounds for 72 hours, the culture media were discarded, and the cells were fixed by 10% cold trichloroacetic acid, and then stained by Sulforhodamine B (SRB) solution. The uncombined SRB was washed off, and the SRB combined with protein was dissolved with Tris. OD values were recorded at 515 nm on an ELISA Reader, and the cell growth inhibition rate was calculated according to following equation: Inhibition rate=(OD_(control)−OD_(experimental))/OD_(control)×100%

IC₅₀ (50% inhibitory concentration) was calculated by using Logit method based on the inhibition rates at various concentration, and the results are shown in table 4.

TABLE 4 Antineoplasmic activity in vitro of compound YHHU-756 Cell line (human) Types of tumer IC₅₀ (M) Bel-7402 liver cancer 0.02 SMMC-7721 liver cancer 0.01 Bel-7404 liver cancer 0.41 HL-7702 liver cell 0.03 QGY-7703 liver cancer 0.02 QGY-7701 liver cancer 0.02 QSG-7701 liver cancer 0.02 Chang liver liver cell 0.02 SK-HEP-1 liver cancer >10 HepG2 liver cancer >10 Hep3B liver cancer >10 HCCC-9810 liver cancer >10 HUH-7 liver cancer >10 HUVEC normal human umbilical 0.05 (20% FBS) vein endothelial cells 3AO ovarian cancer 0.02 A2780 ovarian cancer 0.03 HeLa cervical carcinoma 0.02 H460 lung cancer 12.9 A549 lung cancer 13.2 SK-BR-3 breast carcinoma 7.1 MCF-7 breast carcinoma 12.1 CNE nasopharyngeal carcinoma 0.01

Proliferation of turner cells was assayed by SRB protocol, drug action 72 h.

It can be seen from table 4 that compound YHHU-756 has significant antitumor activities against liver cancer cells, as well as normal human umbilical vein endothelial cells, ovarian cancer cells and nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells.

2. Antineoplasmic Activity In Vivo of Some Representative Compounds

Experimental procedure: BALB/cA nude mice, 6-7 weeks old, ♀, were purchased from Shanghai SLAC Laboratory Animal Co. LTD. Certificate No.: SCXK (Shanghai) 2007-0005. Habitat: SPF level. The compounds were diluted with 0.5% CMC containing 0.1% Tween-80 to a desired concentration. Human liver cancer cells SMMC-7721 were inoculated on nude mice subcutaneously. After the tumor grew up to 100-200 mm³, animals were grouped randomly (d0). Mice were consecutively administered with compounds intragastrically once a day for 10 days. Dosage was shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3. The tumor volume was measured 2-3 times each week and the weights of mice were recorded. The tumor volume (V) was calculated according to the following equation: V=½×a×b², wherein, a and b are length and width, respectively. Results were shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3.

The representative compound Yhhu-759 significantly inhibited the growth of human liver cancer cells SMMC-7721 transplanted tumor subcutaneously on nude mice, the inhibition has apparent dose dependent. Another compound Yhhu-756 also exhibited a high activity, and caused part of the tumors vanished. Survivability of mice bearing cancer on the above compounds was good, and no symptoms such as weight loss was observed. 

The invention claimed is:
 1. A method of treating a tumor in a patient in need thereof; said method comprising: a) determining whether said tumor is inhibited by a pyridazinone having the structure of formula I; and, if said tumor is inhibited, b) administering said pyridazinone having the structure of formula I to said patient,

wherein, R is selected from the group consisting of —OH, —SH, substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₁₂ aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl, —OR_(a), —NHR_(a), —NR_(a)R_(b) and —SR_(a), wherein R_(a) and R_(b) are each independently selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₁₂ aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, and substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl; the substituents are selected from the group consisting of halogen, —OH, —NO₂, C₁-C₆ alkyl, carboxy, C₁-C₆ alkoxy carbonyl, C₆-C₁₂ aryl, —NH₂, C₁-C₆ alkyl substituted amino, hydroxy substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, hydroxy substituted C₁-C₆ alkoxy group, unsubstituted or C₁-C₆ alkyl substituted heterocyclyl, and —CF₃; the heteroaryl is a 5- or 6-membered cyclic ring containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O and S; the heterocyclyl is a 3- to 7-membered monocyclic ring or 8-membered bicyclic ring which may contain 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O and S, and the heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with an oxo group or a sulfido group; wherein said tumor is selected from the group consisting of liver cancer, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, renal cancer, and colon cancer.
 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein said method comprises administering said pyridazinone having the structure of formula I to said patient; wherein: R is selected from the group consisting of said substituted or unsubstituted heretoaryl and said substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl; wherein said heteroaryl is a 5- or 6-membered aromatic ring containing 1 to 3 nitrogen atoms; and said heterocyclyl is a 3- to 7-membered monocyclic ring or an 8-membered bicyclic ring, wherein the heterocylic group contains 1 to 3 nitrogen atoms; wherein the heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with said oxo group or said sulfido group.
 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein said tumor is liver cancer.
 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein said tumor is liver cancer.
 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the pyridazinone is selected from the group consisting of:


6. The method according to claim 5, wherein said tumor is liver cancer.
 7. A method of treating a tumor in a patient in need thereof: a) determining whether said tumor is inhibited by a pyridazinone having the structure of formula I; and, if said tumor is inhibited, b) administering said pyridazinone having the structure of formula I to said patient,

wherein, R is selected from the group consisting of —OH, —SH, substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₁₂ aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl, —OR_(a),—NHR_(b), —NR_(a)R_(b) and —SR_(a), wherein R_(a) and R_(b) are each independently selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₁₂ aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, and substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl; the substituents are selected from the group consisting of halogen, —OH, —NO₂, C₁-C₆ alkyl, carboxy, C₁-C₆ alkoxy carbonyl, C₆-C₁₂ aryl, NH₂, C₁-C₆ alkyl substituted amino, hydroxy substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, hydroxy substituted C₁-C₆ alkoxy group, unsubstituted or C₁-C₆ alkyl substituted heterocyclyl, and —CF₃; the heteroaryl is a 5- or 6-membered cyclic ring containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O and S; the heterocyclyl is a 3- to 7-membered monocyclic ring or 8-membered bicyclic ring which may contain 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O and S, and the heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with an oxo group or a sulfido group; wherein said tumor is selected from the group consisting of cervical carcinoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein said method comprises administering said pyridazinone having the structure of formula I to said patient; wherein; R is selected from the group consisting of said substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl and said substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl; wherein the heteroaryl is a 5- or 6-membered aromatic ring containing 1 to 3 nitrogen atoms; and said heterocyclyl is a 3- to 7-membered monocyclic ring or an 8-membered bicyclic ring, wherein the heterocyclic group contains 1 to 3 nitrogen atoms; wherein the heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with said oxo group or said sulfido group.
 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein said tumor is cervical carcinoma.
 10. The method according to claim 7, wherein said tumor is cervical carcinoma.
 11. The method according to claim 7, wherein the pyridazinone is selected from the group consisting of:


12. A method of inhibiting proliferation of tumor cells, wherein said method comprises contacting said tumor cells with a pyridazinone having the structure of formula I,

wherein, R is selected from the group consisting of —OH, —SH, substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₁₂ aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl, —OR_(a), —NHR_(a), —NR_(a)R_(b) and —SR_(a), wherein R_(a) and R_(b) are independently selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₁₂ aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, and substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl; the substituents are selected from the group consisting of halogen, —OH, —NO₂, C₁-C₆ alkyl, carboxy, C₁-C₆ alkoxy carbonyl, C₆-C₁₂ aryl, —NH₂, C₁-C₆ alkyl substituted amino, hydroxy substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, hydroxy substituted C₁-C₆ alkoxy group, unsubstituted or C₁-C₆ alkyl substituted heterocyclyl, and —CF₃; the heteroaryl is a 5- or 6-membered cyclic ring containing 1 to 3 heteroatom selected from the group consisting of N, O and S; the heterocyclyl is a 3- to 7-membered monocyclic ring or 8-membered bicyclic ring which may contain 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O and S, and the heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with an oxo group or a sulfide group; wherein said tumor cells are selected from the group consisting of ovarian cancer cells, liver cancer cells, breast cancer cells, renal cancer cells, cervical carcinoma cells, nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, and colon cancer cells. 